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2025-01-21

Detailed list of various Biomass materials with their Lignin content percentages:

1. Woody Biomass

  • Hardwood: Lignin content ranges from 18% to 25%.
  • Softwood: Lignin content ranges from 25% to 35%.
  • Bamboo: Lignin content ranges from 20% to 30%.

2. Agricultural Residues

  • Wheat Straw: Lignin content ranges from 15% to 20%.
  • Rice Straw: Lignin content ranges from 10% to 15%.
  • Corn Stalks: Lignin content ranges from 10% to 15%.
  • Cotton Stalks: Lignin content ranges from 17% to 22%.
  • Sorghum Stalks: Lignin content ranges from 10% to 15%.

3. Sugar Industry Residues

  • Sugarcane Bagasse: Lignin content ranges from 18% to 25%.
  • Sugar Beet Pulp: Lignin content ranges from 2% to 5%.

4. Herbaceous Materials

  • Grasses (e.g., Switchgrass, Miscanthus): Lignin content ranges from 10% to 20%.

5. Oilseed Residues

  • Soybean Hulls: Lignin content ranges from 1% to 5%.
  • Canola Stalks: Lignin content ranges from 10% to 15%.
  • Sunflower Stalks: Lignin content ranges from 12% to 16%.

6. Forestry Residues

  • Wood Chips: Lignin content ranges from 20% to 30%, depending on the type of wood.
  • Tree Bark: Lignin content ranges from 30% to 40%.

7. Fruit and Nut Residues

  • Coconut Husk (Coir): Lignin content ranges from 30% to 40%.
  • Palm Kernel Shells: Lignin content ranges from 35% to 40%.
  • Walnut Shells: Lignin content ranges from 25% to 30%.

8. Algae and Aquatic Biomass

  • Macroalgae (e.g., Kelp): Lignin content is generally <5% (low lignin).
  • Microalgae: Lignin content is negligible.

9. Urban and Industrial Biomass

  • Paper Mill Sludge: Lignin content ranges from 20% to 30%.
  • Recycled Cardboard: Lignin content ranges from 12% to 15%.

Key Notes:

  1. Lignin’s Role:
    Lignin is a complex organic polymer that provides rigidity, strength, and resistance to decay in plant cell walls.
  2. Applications:
    • High lignin content is ideal for energy production, as it contributes to higher calorific value.
    • Low lignin content is preferred for applications like pulp and paper production.
  3. Variability:
    Lignin content may vary based on factors like plant maturity, processing methods, and specific species.
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